Vivifrail社区运动项目两队列均改善老年人躯体功能并降低可能肌少症比例

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate change in physical function and probable sarcopenia following a 36-week community multicomponent exercise programme (Vivifrail model) across two consecutive cycles, and to assess the consistency of this change between cohorts. Study design: Quasi-experimental, single-arm, repeated-measures service evaluation. Ninety-two older adults (2025-2026 cohort; mean age 75.9 years, 88.0% women) completed baseline and post-intervention assessments; an independent 2024-2025 cohort (n = 86) was analysed jointly for replication (n = 178). Main outcome measures: Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score (primary); Timed Up and Go (TUG), handgrip strength, 6-metre walk time and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) (secondary); probable sarcopenia (EWGSOP2), SPPB-based frailty category, and a fall-risk indicator computed identically in both cohorts. Results: SPPB improved by a mean of 1.33 points (Cohen's d = 0.96; p < .001), with concordant improvement in all four secondary outcomes (all q < .005). 72.8% reached the substantial minimal clinically important difference. Probable sarcopenia fell from 17.4% to 5.4% (p = .006), and frailty category shifted toward higher functional levels (p < .001). Effect sizes were consistent between cohorts for SPPB, handgrip and 6-metre walk; the Time x Cohort interaction was significant for TUG only. In the pooled sample, elevated fall risk fell from 19.7% to 11.2% (p = .002). Conclusions: A 36-week multicomponent exercise programme was associated with clinically meaningful, reproducible improvement in physical function and a reduction in probable sarcopenia across two independent cohorts. The single-arm design precludes causal inference.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Author Declarations

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The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below:

In accordance with national regulations for non-experimental healthcare service audits (Spanish Law 14/2007 on Biomedical Research), formal Institutional Review Board approval was not required, as the evaluation used secondary analysis of fully anonymised functional data collected during routine service delivery; no intervention was assigned for research purposes, and the study was accordingly not registered as a clinical trial

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Data Availability

All data produced in the present study are available upon reasonable request to the authors